I accept facts based on evidence. :thumb:
Let’s see if you really do, or if this is just hot air.
Fact 1 – Stripe shows his abject disregard for scientific accuracy when he extracts passages from a study investigating the properties of a type of magma, and then blithely says the results of that study apply to “all rock”:
It is all rock. If magma deeper than about 400km becomes more dense than its parent rock because of great pressure, it is certain that deeper material will compact even more upon heating.
The authors of the study were meticulous in specifying that their study was focused on komatiite, a very specific type of magma. The very title of the study was:
The Equation of State of a Molten Komatiite |
Fact 2: In their introduction the study authors specify why the rocks they are interested in studying are ones containing silicates:
In extreme cases, silicate melts could be denser than surrounding mantle rocks, resulting in a downward segregation of melts,… |
Notice they took care to specify “silicate melts”. (Does Stripe know that not all rock have silicates in them? A glance under “non-silicate minerals” in Wiki lists far more than a thousand minerals that have no silicate in them.)
Fact 3: The authors of the study even gave the precise chemical breakdown of the komatiite samples they were using (Table 1 in the article). Reinforcing Fact 1 – notice 45% of the mineral content of the komatiite was silicate.
Fact 4: In the study they take care to specify the known physical properties of the minerals in the samples they are using (Table 2). They do that because several of those physical properties are used in the equations they rely on. For example – density, thermal expansivity, bulk modulus, and heat capacity. (Does Stripe think that all “rocks” have these same values for their physical properties?)
Fact 5: When GCT asked Stripe for a source to back his claim that “Rock under sufficient pressure becomes more dense upon being melted.”, Stripe quoted this from the study:
At low pressure, olivine fractionation lowers the density of basic magmas, but above 13-14 GPa this trend is reversed. All of these basic to ultrabasic liquids are predicted to have similar densities at 13-14 GPa, and this density is approximately equal to the density of the bulk mantle in this pressure range. This suggests that melts derived from a peridotitic mantle may be inhibited from ascending from depths greater than 400 km.
“Perioditic” specifically means the rock being described is ultramafic – low in silica content. For comparison, common granite is at the other extreme – a “felsic” magma high in silica content (and most definitely not a rock type this study applies to).
Fact 6: To support the idea that mantle convection may not exist, Stripe quoted this from the study:
An interesting possibility arises in considering how to use q. Porous shock wave data suggests the form of (19). This form may be overly restrictive, however, particularly for liquids. Note that (19) prohibits y from changing sign. If q were indeed large and if iJytiJV were constant rather than iJlny/iJlnV, then y could become negative at high pressure. Some liquids, most notably water, have negative y in some PT interval. This could be very important for large magma bodies because a negative y implies a negative a., which in turn means that a barrier to convection could exist.
Clarification – the use of Greek symbols in mathematical equations causes parts of the quote to appear incorrectly, or as nonsense. Spelling out the Greek symbols and some math gives:
An interesting possibility arises in considering how to use q. Porous shock wave data suggests the form of (19). This form may be overly restrictive, however, particularly for liquids. Note that (19) prohibits gamma from changing sign. If q were indeed large and if the partial derivative of gamma with respect to the velocity were constant rather than the partial derivative of the natural logarithm of gamma with respect to the natural logarithm of the velocity, then gamma could become negative at high pressure. Some liquids, most notably water, have negative gamma in some PT interval. This could be very important for large magma bodies because a negative gamma implies a negative alpha, which in turn means that a barrier to convection could exist. |
Stripe chose to highlight the “barrier to convection could exist” part, but does he have any understanding of the equations or what the qualifiers the authors included mean? Or did he just see some words that sounded like what he wanted to hear? Is the mantle under discussion a liquid (keep in mind what seismic S-waves do in a liquid)?
Fact 7: Stripe conveniently failed to give this quote from the conclusion of the study:
While neutral or negative buoyancy would preclude the upward segregation of a liquid from a static matrix, it might be possible to extract the liquid if the matrix were transported upward in part of a large-scale convection system. In this case, both liquid and solid would rise together until the density contrast becomes sufficient for separation to occur. Thus when partial melting is initiated by the adiabatic decompression of upwelling mantle plumes, continued upward transport of the plume may permit escape of the liquid even if it were initially too dense to do so. |
Clearly the study authors don’t share Stripe’s claim that mantle convection must be a fiction.
Fact 8: This has been one of the most blatant demonstrations of scientific ignorance that Stripe has ever engaged in. He is way over his head in this one, and so he blithely ignores the clearly stated intent and conditions the study authors were careful to detail.
As Stripe has asserted numerous times now:
It's all rock. If you have got some reason why heated rock at greater depth becomes less dense than magma does below the crossover depth, we'd sure be glad to hear it. :up:
Stripe, if you have got some reason why all rock at greater depth becomes less dense than magma does below the crossover depth, we'd sure be glad to hear it.