Rashidun Caliphate 632-661
Umayyad Caliphate 661–750
Abbasid Caliphate 750-1517
Tulunid and Fatimid Dynasties in Egypt 868-1171
Seljuk Empire 1037–1194
Ifriqiya and Sicily 647-973
Almoravid and Almohad Dynasties in Maghreb 1036-1269
Mughal Empire 1526–1857
Safavid dynasty 1501–1736
Ottoman Empire 1299–1923
Umayyad Caliphate 661–750
Abbasid Caliphate 750-1517
Tulunid and Fatimid Dynasties in Egypt 868-1171
Seljuk Empire 1037–1194
Ifriqiya and Sicily 647-973
Almoravid and Almohad Dynasties in Maghreb 1036-1269
Mughal Empire 1526–1857
Safavid dynasty 1501–1736
Ottoman Empire 1299–1923